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Jahrhunderts ein vergleichsweise hohes Wachstum auf der Grundlage von Geburtenüberschüssen und Zuwanderung, vor allem aus der Steiermark. In der zweiten Hälfte des Jahrhunderts ging das Wachstumstempo deutlich zurück. Steigende Bevölkerungsdichte in den protoindustriellen Kernzonen wie auch durch Ernteausfälle bedingte Versorgungskrisen sorgten für einen Anstieg der Sterblichkeit, der zu Beginn der 1770er Jahre einen Höhepunkt erreichte. Im Gegensatz zu Thomas Robert Malthus nahmen Zeitgenossen wie der Kameralist Joseph von Sonnenfels das Bevölkerungswachstum nicht als bedrohlich wahr, auch weil das hohe Erstheiratsalter, die hohe Säuglingssterblichkeit und die Abwanderung in die rasch wachsende Haupt- und Residenzstadt\nWien einen dämpfenden Effekt ausübten."}]},{"@type":"bf:Note","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"After the military threat from the east had subsided and the consequences of the last plague epidemic of 1713 had been overcome, the demographic development of Lower Austria was characterized by comparatively high growth until the middle of the 18th century, based on natural increase and immigration, especially from Styria. In the second half of the century, the pace of growth declined significantly. Increasing population density in the proto-industrial core zones as well as supply crises caused by crop failures caused\nmortality to rise, reaching a peak at the beginning of the 1770s. 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